DSE History歷史: 歐洲經濟統合時序表英文版 (Timeline for European economic integration English Version)

DSE History歷史: 歐洲經濟統合時序表英文版 (Timeline for European economic integration English Version)

Year	Incident
Western Europe
1947	Benelux Union	Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg created the economic customs union to speed up the free movement of goods, capital and people.
1948	OEEC	Formed by the U.S. to allocate the economic aid US$ 13 billion Marshall Plan to the Western Europe countries.
1952	European Coal  and Steel Community (ECSC)	The idea was raised by Jean Monnet and Robert Schuman to remove the restrictions on trade in coal, iron and steel. France, West Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg and Italy joined (Inner Six).
1958	European Economic Community (EEC)	The continuity of ECSC. It aims to abolish the tariffs and achieve free movement of goods, capital and labour across the borders in the future.
1960	European Free Trade Association	Britain did not want to join EEC so she formed EFTA with Austria, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Sweden and Swiss (Outer Seven).
1962	Common agricultural market was introduced to fix the produce prices to encourage production.
1967	European Community (EC)	The combination of ECSC, EEC and EURATOM. More and more members joined such as Britain, Denmark and Ireland in 1973.
1979	Exchange Rate Mechanism	The member’s currencies were linked to stabilize the value of the currency and pave for the single currency policy in the future.
1986	Single European Act	Plan to introduce common market in 1992.
Eastern Europe
1949	COMECON	It was formed by USSR to allocate the Molotov Plan economic aid.
1953-64	Khrushchev Period	He adopted economic specialization policy: East Germany, Czech focused on industry, Hungary and Romania focused on agriculture but Eastern Europe countries disagreed. Then he changed to Diversified economic policy.
1964-82	Leonid Brezhnev Period	He introduced the plan of Single Economic Entity in COMECOM but the Eastern Europe countries were not interested. Oppositely, by 1984, trade between COMECOM and EEC had grown 6.2 times its volume in 1970.
Economic integration for Eastern and Western Europe after end of Cold War
1993	European Union (EU)	It was formed after the members of EC signed Maastricht Treaty in 1992. The original members were: Italy, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, France, Germany, Britain, Denmark, Ireland, Greece, Spain and Portugal.
1993	Single Market was introduced to fully remove the tariffs and achieve free movement of goods.
1999	Single currency – Euro was introduced to replace the currencies previously used in the 11 member states. However, some countries did not follow such as Britain.